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Carlos III - 10 things to know with detail

• Carlos III, born on January 20, 1716, was the King of Spain from 1759 until his death in 1788. He was also known as Charles III in English.
• Carlos III was a member of the Bourbon dynasty and was the son of Philip V of Spain and his second wife, Elizabeth Farnese.
• Before becoming King of Spain, Carlos III was the Duke of Parma and Piacenza from 1731 to 1735, and the King of Naples and Sicily from 1735 to 1759.
• Carlos III was known for his reforms and modernization efforts in Spain. He focused on improving infrastructure, education, agriculture, and industry, as well as implementing economic policies to boost the country's economy.
• One of his most significant reforms was the expulsion of the Jesuits from Spain and its territories in 1767. This decision was influenced by the Enlightenment ideas and the Jesuits' perceived threat to his authority.
• Carlos III also implemented measures to centralize power and strengthen the monarchy, including the creation of a centralized bureaucracy and the suppression of regional privileges.
• He was a patron of the arts and supported the construction of several notable buildings in Spain, including the Royal Palace of Madrid and the Buen Retiro Palace.
• Carlos III was also known for his foreign policy initiatives, including the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1763, which ended the Seven Years' War and resulted in territorial gains for Spain.
• He was married to Maria Amalia of Saxony, with whom he had several children, including his successor, Carlos IV.
• Carlos III is remembered as one of Spain's most influential monarchs, known for his reforms, modernization efforts, and contributions to the country's cultural and political development. His reign is often referred to as the "Enlightened Despotism" era in Spain.