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Election Commission of India - 10 things to know with detail

• Formation: The Election Commission of India (ECI) was established on January 25, 1950, under the provisions of the Constitution of India. It is an autonomous constitutional authority responsible for administering elections in the country.
• Composition: The Election Commission is a multi-member body consisting of a Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) and two Election Commissioners. The CEC is the head of the Commission and is usually a retired Supreme Court judge, while the other two Commissioners are senior civil servants.
• Independence: The Election Commission is an independent and impartial body that is insulated from government interference. This independence is essential to ensure free and fair elections in the country.
• Role and Responsibilities: The primary role of the Election Commission is to conduct free and fair elections to the Parliament, State Legislatures, and the offices of the President and Vice-President of India. It is responsible for overseeing the entire electoral process, from the registration of voters to the counting of votes.
• Electoral Rolls: The Election Commission is responsible for preparing and maintaining electoral rolls, which contain the names of eligible voters in each constituency. It conducts regular revision of these rolls to ensure their accuracy.
• Election Conduct: The Election Commission lays down the code of conduct for political parties and candidates during elections to ensure a level playing field. It also monitors election expenditure and takes action against any violations.
• Election Schedule: The Election Commission announces the schedule for elections, including the dates for polling and counting of votes. It also decides on the deployment of security forces and other logistical arrangements.
• Voter Awareness: The Election Commission conducts voter awareness campaigns to educate the public about the importance of voting and their rights and responsibilities as voters.
• Election Monitoring: The Election Commission monitors the conduct of elections through various measures, including the deployment of observers, CCTV cameras, and other technology. It takes prompt action against any malpractices or violations of the electoral process.
• Electoral Reforms: The Election Commission also plays a proactive role in advocating for electoral reforms to improve the electoral process and make it more transparent and inclusive. It regularly engages with political parties, civil society organizations, and other stakeholders to promote electoral integrity.