Explain Kolkata weather in 500 words
Kolkata, also known as the "City of Joy," is the capital city of the Indian state of West Bengal. It is located on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River and has a tropical wet-and-dry climate influenced by both the Bay of Bengal and the Himalayas. The weather in Kolkata can be described as hot and humid for most of the year, with distinct seasons and occasional monsoon rains.
The city experiences three main seasons: summer, monsoon, and winter. Summer in Kolkata lasts from March to May and is characterized by high temperatures and humidity. The average maximum temperature during this season hovers around 35-40 degrees Celsius (95-104 degrees Fahrenheit). The nights can be relatively cooler, but the overall heat and humidity make it uncomfortable for outdoor activities. People often seek refuge in air-conditioned spaces or use fans and coolers to beat the heat.
The monsoon season in Kolkata begins in June and lasts until September. During this period, the city experiences heavy rainfall due to the southwest monsoon winds. The average annual rainfall in Kolkata is around 1,600 millimeters (63 inches), with the highest precipitation occurring in July and August. The monsoons bring relief from the scorching summer heat, but they also cause waterlogging and flooding in some parts of the city. Despite the inconveniences, the monsoons contribute to the lush greenery and vibrant atmosphere of Kolkata.
Winter in Kolkata spans from November to February and is characterized by mild temperatures and low humidity. The average minimum temperature during this season ranges from 9-15 degrees Celsius (48-59 degrees Fahrenheit). While it may not be as cold as other parts of India, the locals often bundle up in sweaters and jackets to stay warm. Winter is considered the most pleasant time to visit Kolkata, as the weather is relatively cooler and more comfortable for outdoor activities.
Apart from the three main seasons, Kolkata also experiences a short transitional season known as the autumn or post-monsoon season. This season occurs in October and is characterized by gradually decreasing rainfall and increasing temperatures. The weather during this period is generally warm and pleasant, making it an ideal time to explore the city and enjoy outdoor festivals.
Overall, the weather in Kolkata can be described as hot and humid for most of the year, with distinct seasons that bring their own characteristics. The city experiences scorching summers, heavy monsoon rains, mild winters, and a short autumn season. The diverse climatic conditions contribute to the cultural richness and vibrancy of Kolkata, making it a city that is always alive and bustling with activity, regardless of the weather.