Google trend - Cervical cancer

Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that affects the cells in the cervix, which is the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. It is one of the most common types of cancer in women worldwide, but it can be prevented and treated if detected early.

The main cause of cervical cancer is the human papillomavirus (HPV), which is a sexually transmitted infection. There are many types of HPV, but only a few of them are known to cause cervical cancer. HPV is very common and most sexually active individuals will be infected with it at some point in their lives. However, in most cases, the immune system is able to clear the infection without any symptoms or long-term consequences.

In some cases, however, the HPV infection can persist and lead to abnormal changes in the cells of the cervix. These changes can eventually develop into cancer if left untreated. Other risk factors for cervical cancer include smoking, a weakened immune system, long-term use of oral contraceptives, and having multiple sexual partners.

Cervical cancer often does not cause any symptoms in its early stages, which is why regular screening is crucial. The most common screening method is the Pap test, which involves collecting a sample of cells from the cervix and examining them under a microscope for any abnormalities. Another screening method is the HPV test, which detects the presence of high-risk HPV types in the cervix.

If abnormal cells are detected during screening, further tests may be done to determine the extent of the abnormality. These tests may include a colposcopy, which involves using a special instrument to examine the cervix more closely, and a biopsy, which involves removing a small sample of tissue from the cervix for examination under a microscope.

If cervical cancer is diagnosed, the treatment options will depend on the stage of the cancer and the individual's overall health. In the early stages, surgery may be performed to remove the cancerous cells. This may involve removing a portion of the cervix (cone biopsy) or the entire uterus (hysterectomy). In some cases, radiation therapy may be used to kill the cancer cells or shrink tumors before surgery.

In more advanced stages of cervical cancer, a combination of radiation therapy and chemotherapy may be used to destroy cancer cells and control the spread of the disease. Targeted therapy, which uses drugs to specifically target cancer cells, may also be used in certain cases.

Prevention of cervical cancer is possible through vaccination against HPV and regular screening. The HPV vaccine is recommended for both boys and girls between the ages of 11 and 12, although it can be given as early as age It is also recommended for young women up to the age of 26 and young men up to the age of 21 who have not been previously vaccinated.

Regular screening, starting at the age of 21, is important for early detection of any abnormal changes in the cervix. The frequency of screening may vary depending on the individual's age and risk factors, but it is generally recommended to have a Pap test every three years or a combination of a Pap test and an HPV test every five years.

In conclusion, cervical cancer is a common type of cancer in women that can be prevented and treated if detected early. The main cause of cervical cancer is the human papillomavirus, and regular screening and vaccination are key in preventing and managing this disease.