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NATO - 10 things to know with detail

• NATO stands for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, a political and military alliance of 30 member countries from North America and Europe.
• NATO was established on April 4, 1949, with the signing of the North Atlantic Treaty in Washington, D.C. The primary purpose of NATO was to create a collective defense against the Soviet Union during the Cold War.
• The core principle of NATO is Article 5, which states that an attack on one member country is considered an attack on all member countries. This principle underscores the collective defense and mutual security of all NATO members.
• NATO is headquartered in Brussels, Belgium, and its current Secretary-General is Jens Stoltenberg from Norway.
• NATO's military capabilities are coordinated through its Military Committee, which is composed of the Chiefs of Defense of all member countries. The Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR) is responsible for the operational command of NATO's military forces.
• NATO has conducted numerous military operations, including the intervention in the Balkans during the 1990s, the war in Afghanistan following the 9/11 attacks, and the ongoing training mission in Iraq.
• In addition to its core mission of collective defense, NATO also promotes dialogue and cooperation with partner countries around the world, as well as working on issues such as counterterrorism, cybersecurity, and nuclear non-proliferation.
• NATO has faced criticism and challenges over the years, including concerns about its relevance in the post-Cold War era, disagreements among member countries on defense spending and burden-sharing, and tensions with Russia.
• NATO has a commitment to collective defense spending, with member countries agreeing to allocate at least 2% of their GDP on defense. However, not all member countries have met this target, leading to ongoing debates within the alliance.
• NATO continues to adapt and evolve in response to changing security threats and geopolitical realities. The alliance remains a key pillar of Euro-Atlantic security and stability, working to ensure the peace and security of its member countries.