Google trend - Meningitis

Meningitis - 10 things to know with detail

• Meningitis is an inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, known as the meninges. It can be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites.
• Bacterial meningitis is the most serious form of the disease and can be life-threatening if not treated promptly. Common bacteria that can cause meningitis include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae.
• Viral meningitis is typically less severe than bacterial meningitis and often resolves on its own without specific treatment. Enteroviruses, herpesviruses, and arboviruses are common causes of viral meningitis.
• Fungal meningitis is rare and usually occurs in people with weakened immune systems. Cryptococcus neoformans and Candida species are common causes of fungal meningitis.
• Parasitic meningitis is also rare and is usually caused by parasites found in contaminated water or soil. Naegleria fowleri and Angiostrongylus cantonensis are examples of parasites that can cause meningitis.
• Symptoms of meningitis can include fever, headache, stiff neck, confusion, sensitivity to light, and nausea or vomiting. In infants, symptoms may also include irritability, poor feeding, and a bulging fontanelle (soft spot on the head).
• Diagnosis of meningitis typically involves a physical examination, blood tests, imaging studies (such as a CT scan or MRI), and a lumbar puncture (spinal tap) to analyze the cerebrospinal fluid for signs of infection.
• Treatment for bacterial meningitis usually involves antibiotics administered intravenously, while viral meningitis may only require supportive care such as pain relief and fluids. Fungal or parasitic meningitis may require antifungal or antiparasitic medications.
• Complications of meningitis can include brain damage, hearing loss, seizures, and cognitive impairment. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial in preventing these complications.
• Vaccines are available to prevent some forms of bacterial meningitis, including vaccines against Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae. It is important to stay up to date on vaccinations to reduce the risk of contracting meningitis.